In laboratory 2 you will design a system-on-chipⁱ which includes one Microblaze soft-processorⁱ and several General Purpose I/O peripherals (GPIOs). Just like laboratory 1, the system-on-chipⁱ will be created using the Base System Builder supplied by the Xilinxⁱ tool suite. Once your system-on-chipⁱ has been created, you will write a custom software application to take input from the push button and produce output on the LEDs. In order to complete this laboratory successfully, you will need to understand the workings of the GPIOⁱ peripheral by reading the GPIOⁱ reference manual which can be found in the references section.

Project Assignment

1. Create a system-on-chipⁱ design which includes only the following components:
   
   • A Microblaze soft-processorⁱ
   • A serial port for debug output
   • A GPIOⁱ for the LEDs
   • A GPIOⁱ for the Push Buttons
2. Create a new software application which performs the following:
   • When the left push button is depressed the left most LEDⁱ is lit
   • When the top push button is depressed the second from the left LEDⁱ is lit
   • When the bottom push button is depressed the second from the right LEDⁱ is lit
   • When the right push button is depressed the right most LEDⁱ is lit
   • When the center push button is depressed all LEDs are lit
3. Synthesize your system-on-chipⁱ, compile your software project, and combine them into a bitstream
4. Download your bitstream onto the XUPⁱ development board, execute it, and demonstrate your design to your TA

This project will be a due during the week of September 8, 2008 through September 12, 2008. Please allocate enough time outside of class to read and understand the project and the workings of the GPIOⁱ.

Project Directions

Before proceeding with this laboratory please read at least the OPB GPIOⁱ Registers and OPB  GPIOⁱ Operation sections of the GPIOⁱ reference manual. In future labs is will be your responsibility to implement application software to control an FPGAⁱ peripheral. In this lab you will be expected to understand how the provided software application implements the operational specification provided by the reference manual.

For this laboratory you will be creating a system-on-chipⁱ design, containing the peripherals mentioned above, using the BSB as described in laboratory 1. Once you have the system-on-chipⁱ design created you will need to create a new software application named "lab2" which contains one source code file named "lab2.c". After this, copy and paste the source code template into your source file.

Read the comments in the source code template and try to understand how the source code provided implements the GPIOⁱ hardware protocol described in the GPIOⁱ reference manual. Once you understand what the source code template is doing, modify the main function to implement the project requirements described in the project assignment given above.

Project Questions

Answers to the questions for this laboratory can be found in either the Memory-Mapped I/O Tutorial or the GPIO reference manual.

1. What register set is exposed by the GPIOⁱ peripheral? Describe each register.
2. What is an address space?
3. What is memory-mapped I/O?
4. How does a processor perform memory-mapped I/O?
5. How does software perform memory-mapped I/O?
6. What steps does software need to perform in order to read from the GPIOⁱ data register? Explain each step.